Collisions of lead nuclei take place under extreme physical conditions. Their course can be described using a model which assumes that the transforming, extremely hot matter – the quark-gluon plasma – flows in the form of hundreds of streaks.
Copper oxide could theoretically enable high efficiencies in solar cells or as a photocathode for solar energy conversion. Practically, however, it comes to big losses. Now a team at HZB was able to explain with a sophisticated femtosecond laser experiment where these losses take place: they occur less at the interfaces, but rather already inside the crystalline material. These results provide guidance to optimize copper oxide and other metal oxides for energy-use applications.
Weyl semimetals are a recently discovered class of materials, in which charge carriers behave the way electrons and positrons do in particle accelerators. Researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and Ioffe Institute in St. Petersburg have shown that these materials represent perfect gain media for lasers.
MACOM Technology Solutions Inc. (“MACOM”), a leading supplier of semiconductor solutions, recently announced a complete analog and silicon photonics portfolio for seamless integration in 50Gbps, 100Gbps, 200Gbps and 400Gbps optical modules targeted for compliance with the newly formed Open Eye Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) www.openeye-msa.org.
When two identical photons arrive at a half-reflecting piece of glass, in the quantum mechanical world they are always either both transmitted or reflected - they pair up. This effect, termed Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, should occur not only for photons, but for any bosons.
Qioptiq, an Excelitas Technologies Company and global technology leader in delivering innovative optical and photonic solutions, introduces its inspec.x HR 2.4/128 3.33x Lens. Developed to achieve object resolution up to 300 Lp/mm for use in the machine vision, semiconductor and quality control industries, the new HR 2.4/128 3.33x Lens is optimized for a magnification factor of 3.33x and supports sensors up to 82mm in length.
Nanostructures can be designed such a way that the quantum confinement allows only certain electron energy levels. Researchers from IMDEA Nanociencia, UAM and ICMM-CSIC have for the first time observed a discrete pattern of electron energies in an unconfined system, which could lead to new ways of modifying the surface properties of materials.
Researchers have developed a simple and stable device to generate the quantum states necessary for quantum key distribution. The device could make it more practical to develop a global data network that uses this very secure method of encryption to protect everything from credit card transactions to texts.
A novel material that consists of a single sheet of carbon atoms could lead to new designs for optical quantum computers. Physicists from the University of Vienna and the Institute of Photonic Sciences in Barcelona have shown that tailored graphene structures enable single photons to interact with each other.
A photodetector converts light into an electrical signal, causing the light to be lost. Researchers led by Tracy Northup at the University of Innsbruck have now built a quantum sensor that can measure light particles non-destructively.
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